Habitual coffee drinking is linked with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), according to a study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
In this study, researchers followed 4,522 women with a history of GDM between 1991 and 2017, and updated demographic, and lifestyle factors including diet, and disease outcomes every 2-4 years. Study subjects provided reports on caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption using validated FFQs. The population’s fasting blood samples were collated in 2012-2014 from a subset of over 500 participants free of diabetes to assess for the following glucose metabolism biomarkers. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to analyze T2D risk.
According to the results, 979 participants developed T2D. The researchers observed that caffeinated coffee consumption was associated with the risk a lower risk of T2D. Moreover, the analysis showed that replacing 1 serving/d of sugar-sweetened beverage and artificially sweetened beverage with 1 cup/d of caffeinated coffee was correlated with a 17% (risk ratio [RR] = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.93) and 9% (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84, 0.99) lower risk of T2D, respectively. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that greater caffeinated coffee consumption was associated with lower fasting insulin and C-peptide concentrations (all P-trend <0.05).
“Among predominantly Caucasian females with a history of GDM, greater consumption of caffeinated coffee was associated with a lower risk of T2D and a more favorable metabolic profile,” the researchers concluded.
